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Transplantation and Organ Donation in the Awareness of the Non-professional Public
Sládková, Andrea ; Votroubková, Michaela (advisor) ; Vachková, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis offers a complete overview of the tissue of organ donation and transplantation. The theoretical part contains information on the history of transplantation of vital organs. It describes the opportunities and risks of modern transplantology - the multicultural and ethical aspect. It covers activities of transplant centre and current legislation with emphasis on the criteria determination of brain death. Finally, it outlines the care of the potential donor and his/her loved ones. Empirical part is focused on the exploration level of awareness of the general public in the possibilities of organ donation and transplantation, including attitudes on the topic. Key wards: Transplantation, organ, donor, brain death
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Analysis of chromosomal aberrations in sperm by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Bendová, Petra ; Diblík, Jan (advisor) ; Novotná, Drahuše (referee)
The presented bachelor work is focused on the determination of frequency chromosomally abnormal sperm in the semen of healthy men (donors) with normal karyotype (46, XY). The important process, which plays an irreplaceable role in the development of numerical aberrations of chromosomes or structural abnormalities in the segregation of the gametes, is meiosis. Therefore, I devote much attention on meiosis in the theoretical part. The theoretical part is focused on the process of pre mature sperm (spermatogenesis), and the consequences of fertilize the oocyte by aneuploid sperm. In my work I present an overview of numerical abnormalities in autosomes and gonosomes and their frequency and distribution of gametes in healthy men. I also focused on the distribution and a brief description of structural aberrations affecting chromosomes and not least I paid attention on method of multicolor interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, which in combination with sperm chromatin dekondenzation become irreplaceable and valuable research tool for rapid analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in large sperm samples. The experimental part of bachelor work deals with monitoring the frequency of selected numerical abnormalities in sperm samples of five donors aged 23 to 30 years with the use of I-FISH (fluorescence in situ...
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The "Bodies" Probe into the Thinking of the Czech Society
Dobošová, Andrea ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Having been on for ten years, "Bodies" The Exhibition still arouses strong controversial reactions. The authors of the exhibition of dead bodies speak about education, whereas the opponents object it is an unethical business. The Czech society has its system of values, which has developed over centuries. The objective of my Bachelor thesis is to monitor the social affairs, which reflect the change of mentality and orientation of values as influenced by new possibilities of self- fulfilment. In media, and not only there, a sheer variety of opinions was given on the exhibition. Leading Czech scholars, including medical doctors, theologians, journalists and art historians, gave their statements; their views being mostly a rejection. Judging from the number of tickets sold, the interest of the public to see the exhibition is great. The purpose of my thesis is to record a probe by means of the analytic method, within which I describe the Czech society in a specific conduct perceived by the majority as non-problematic. The current situation is an excellent way to learn about the real world we live in.
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Involvement of donors of blood plasma to the donor's registry bone marrow
Míková, Iveta ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Chvojková, Kateřina (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is focusing on the possibility to exploit the potential of regular blood plasma donors for inclusion into the register of bone marrow donors. Based on the assumption, that this is the almost identical population and that the criteria for blood plasma donating are similar to the criteria for bone marrow donation, plasma donors are tested periodically on the infectious diseases transmitted through blood, they have experience with the intravenous collection and plasma donors are largely complying with the age limit needed for bone marrow register. The theoretical part describes anatomy and physiology of blood plasma and bone marrow and current knowledge on the issue for donating of blood plasma and bone marrow. Describes types and indications of bone marrow transplantation, registers of blood plasma and bone marrow donors, the motivation for donating, reliefs and remunerations for donors. I have used for the making of this thesis processed research from Bibliographia medica tschechoslovacia in the National medical library, personal source of reference literature, professional consultation, own experiences and another Bachelor thesis. Methods: The Thesis was prepared based on quantitative research in the form of none standard anonymous questionnaire. The target group were the donors...
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The issue of collection and bone marrow transplantation in pediatric and adult patients
KONEČNÁ, Martina
This thesis aims to provide a closer look at the issue and presentation of a clear summary of information on the issue of bone marrow transplantation via the Review Method and Information Synthesis. The thesis contains a theoretical description of nurse intervention before and after extracting bone marrow from a voluntary donor, as well as a description of nurse´s interventions before and after transplantingextracted hematopoietic cells from a patient suffering from the indicating blood illness. Treating hemato-oncological diseases is a lengthy and very demanding process. It relies in transplanting hematopoietic cells, and it means a great hope to cure the ill person. The transplantation itself is preceded by a long row of examinations, medical and administrative procedures needed to ensure the highest hope of curing the ill patient possible. In the Czech Republic, there are two donor registers cooperating together, based on the principle of all-register international cooperation. Since the moment of graft conversion, the transplanted patient is in a highly risky state. The patient´s living days start to be counted again. Taking care of hematopoietic cell recipients, the patient´s maximal well-being, safety, psychological well-being and most importantly, avoiding possible complications which may significantly slow down or even destroy medical staff´s and the voluntary donor´s efforts to save another person´s life completely, are all necessary focal points of the process. The thesis describes specific procedures of care for patients suffering from different kinds of complications, with regard to the nurses´ work. Because there is a difference in caring and communicating with adult and child patients, one of the subchapters is devoted especially to caring for child oncological patients, and the options of adjusting the communication to their needs and their parents´ needs. To return the patient back to their best life quality possible, it is necessary to follow principles of a healthy lifestyle and correct nutrition principles.
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The "Bodies" Probe into the Thinking of the Czech Society
Dobošová, Andrea ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
Having been on for ten years, "Bodies" The Exhibition still arouses strong controversial reactions. The authors of the exhibition of dead bodies speak about education, whereas the opponents object it is an unethical business. The Czech society has its system of values, which has developed over centuries. The objective of my Bachelor thesis is to monitor the social affairs, which reflect the change of mentality and orientation of values as influenced by new possibilities of self- fulfilment. In media, and not only there, a sheer variety of opinions was given on the exhibition. Leading Czech scholars, including medical doctors, theologians, journalists and art historians, gave their statements; their views being mostly a rejection. Judging from the number of tickets sold, the interest of the public to see the exhibition is great. The purpose of my thesis is to record a probe by means of the analytic method, within which I describe the Czech society in a specific conduct perceived by the majority as non-problematic. The current situation is an excellent way to learn about the real world we live in.
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Transplantation and Organ Donation in the Awareness of the Non-professional Public
Sládková, Andrea ; Votroubková, Michaela (advisor) ; Vachková, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis offers a complete overview of the tissue of organ donation and transplantation. The theoretical part contains information on the history of transplantation of vital organs. It describes the opportunities and risks of modern transplantology - the multicultural and ethical aspect. It covers activities of transplant centre and current legislation with emphasis on the criteria determination of brain death. Finally, it outlines the care of the potential donor and his/her loved ones. Empirical part is focused on the exploration level of awareness of the general public in the possibilities of organ donation and transplantation, including attitudes on the topic. Key wards: Transplantation, organ, donor, brain death
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Analysis of chromosomal aberrations in sperm by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Bendová, Petra ; Diblík, Jan (advisor) ; Novotná, Drahuše (referee)
The presented bachelor work is focused on the determination of frequency chromosomally abnormal sperm in the semen of healthy men (donors) with normal karyotype (46, XY). The important process, which plays an irreplaceable role in the development of numerical aberrations of chromosomes or structural abnormalities in the segregation of the gametes, is meiosis. Therefore, I devote much attention on meiosis in the theoretical part. The theoretical part is focused on the process of pre mature sperm (spermatogenesis), and the consequences of fertilize the oocyte by aneuploid sperm. In my work I present an overview of numerical abnormalities in autosomes and gonosomes and their frequency and distribution of gametes in healthy men. I also focused on the distribution and a brief description of structural aberrations affecting chromosomes and not least I paid attention on method of multicolor interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization, which in combination with sperm chromatin dekondenzation become irreplaceable and valuable research tool for rapid analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in large sperm samples. The experimental part of bachelor work deals with monitoring the frequency of selected numerical abnormalities in sperm samples of five donors aged 23 to 30 years with the use of I-FISH (fluorescence in situ...
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Kidney market
Mroviecová, Lenka ; Dušek, Libor (advisor) ; Šlajs, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the possible solution of the kidney shortage problem. Especially analyses effect of legislation system of registration to organ donation on count of kidney transplants and waiting time. The effect of the legislation system is analyzed with panel data of OECD countries. Using random effects method, the estimated result suggest that the countries using informed consent produce on average 7,49 kidney transplants per million population fewer and on average 1,95 years longer waiting time, than countries using presumed consent. Although model predicted positive impact of presumed consent system, empirical data from Chile didn't confirm this assumption. Based on the analysis, I suggest better solution of kidney shortage problem, than change of the registration system. Introduce of compensatory payments to living kidney donors.
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The nurse's role in the complex process of transplantation
HEPLOVÁ, Monika
The diploma thesis deals with the issues of nursing care and the nurse?s position in the complex process of transplantation. Transplantation treatment becomes more important in the course of time. There are such situations that there is no other choice of restoring and saving the health of the sick person but to transplant. The complex process of transplantation is a chain of successive operations in which not only many doctors but also other medical and paramedical staff are involved and they constantly interact not only with the patient. Classically, the largest group in providing patient care is general nurses who assume the responsibility for the direct provision of nursing care, work independently and are responsible for the care provided. Their work requires a deep knowledge of the branch and many professional activities without suppressing their original mission. Today?s nurse is a full member of the team and the doctor?s partner in practicing his or her profession. The theoretical part deals comprehensively with the issues of the removal of organs especially from deceased donors, their transplantation and legislation in the Czech Republic and especially with the role of a nurse which she has in this process. An objective of the research survey was to map whether a nurse really felt to be the doctor?s partner in this challenging branch of providing nursing care and what their attitudes towards practicing their own profession in this branch were and to map the extensiveness of their knowledge and educational opportunities in these issues. Another objective was to map the attitudes of patients themselves towards care in the transplantation treatment process. In the research survey a quantitative method was used and applied by distributing questionnaires to general nurses working at a department of transplantation medicine. The results of the questionnaire survey were processed to create well-arranged tables. The qualitative part of the research survey was carried out through interviews with patients who are in the transplantation treatment process. The interviews were processed in writing and the results were summarized in mind maps.
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